Crunch (Standard)

CoreBW

The classic trunk flexion exercise — a short-range curl of the upper spine off the floor, isolating the rectus abdominis without the hip flexor involvement of a full sit-up.

Demo: General S&C demo

Sets

3

Reps

15-20

Rest

30s

Contraindications

Neck strain — support the head lightly without pulling; avoid if disc-related low back pain worsens with flexion (consult McGill's guidance on flexion-intolerant backs).

Setup

Lie on your back, knees bent, feet flat on the floor, hands lightly supporting the head or crossed on the chest.

Execution

  1. 1Exhale and curl the shoulders and upper back off the floor
  2. 2Keep the low back pressed into the floor throughout
  3. 3Curl only a few inches — this is a short-range flexion, not a sit-up
  4. 4Pause briefly at the top
  5. 5Lower with control back to the start

Key cues

  • Curl, don't yank the neck
  • Low back stays glued to the floor
  • Exhale as you crunch up
  • Short range, quality over height

Common faults

  • Pulling on the neck with the hands instead of using the abs
  • Using the hip flexors to sit all the way up (turning it into a sit-up)
  • Holding breath instead of exhaling on the crunch
  • Jerking up with momentum rather than a controlled curl
  • Feet not staying flat, using them to assist the lift

Tweaks

  • Add a slight pause at the top for more time under tension
  • Progress to weighted crunches once form is solid
  • Elevate the feet on a bench for a variation

Progressions

Muscles

Primary: Rectus Abdominis

Secondary: Obliques

Notes

FLEXION. The most basic trunk flexion movement; McGill cautions against high-volume crunching for flexion-intolerant backs, but it remains a canonical beginner movement.

Sources

Attribution: Classic S&C canon